Quickstart
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- Up to two chambers can be added using the button on the left side of the experiment builder. If a one-dimensional chamber is added to the system, no other components (except particle emitters) can be added.
- There are 3 types of chambers available: a simple chamber, a chamber with a piston, and a one-dimensional chamber.
- Once a chamber has been added, its settings can be accessed on the right of the experiment builder.
- Most of the chamber settings can change from stage to stage.
- The 1D chamber uses a special physics implementation that is different from the physics implementation otherwise used. Further information can be found in the theory section.
Properties
Size
Width
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- Units: m
- Troubleshooting: If you experience a warning in the Experiment viewer about particle loss, consider increasing the size of your chamber.
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The width of the chamber.
Particles
Random position?
Whether or not to use random positions for the particles. If this is not selected, then the particles are placed at equidistant positions.
Collisions?
Whether or not to let particles collide in the 1D chamber.
Theory
Some results in thermodynamics depend on the dimensionality of the problem. One example is the temperature-depencendy of the energy of an ideal gas:
$ E_{\text{1D}} = 1/2 \cdot k_{B} T $
$ E_{\text{3D}} = 3/2 \cdot k_{B} T $
To demonstrate these differences, a 1D chamber is available in ETHermodynamics.
However, there are three key differences between the 3D and the 1D physics implementation in ETHermodynamics:
Velocity
All particles have the same velocity corresponding to the temperature they are initialized at.
Random position
The 1D chamber allows for deterministic or random placement of particles. If they are placed deterministically, particle \(i\) is placed at coordinate \(x_i\):
$ x_i = (i-1/2) \fraq{L}{N}$
where \(L\) is the length of the chamber, \(N\) is the number of particles, and \(i\) runs from 1 to \(N\).
Otherwise, particles are placed with uniform random distribution.
Collisions
Other than in 3D, collisions in 1D are, given the identical velocity of all particles, feasible to implment. As such it is possible to turn on particle collisions. If it is turned on, after all particles move, they are sorted in order and their velocity flipped depending on the number of sorting steps necessary per particle.
